Philosophy - Free Will vs. Determinism - 2035 Words

Free Will-Determinism The dialogue between philosophers over the existence of free will versus the inevitability of determinism is a debate that will always exist. The discussion centers around the true freedom of humans to think and act according to their own judgment versus the concept that humans are intrinsically bound by the physical laws of the universe. Before I enter this chicken and the egg debate I need to quantify my terms: Free will is defined by the great philosopher, St. Thomas Aquinas as â€Å"vis electiva† or free choice. It is the ability of man to contemplate and judge the effects of the actions he is about to take. â€Å"†¦But man acts from judgment, because by his apprehensive power he judges that something should be avoided or†¦show more content†¦Science was the latest bloomer of the three major disciplines of existential explanation and in the post modern era is becoming more and more popular. As the world becomes further secularized and the reaches of scientific logic continue to exceed their grasp, many of the world’s intellectuals identify â€Å"truth† on a scientific scale. Science does not support the theory of morality, because it can’t be proven to exist. The notion of â€Å"free-will†, something which world religion and philosophies alike recognize as a fundamental part of our human anatomy, is called into question in a few simple and logical ways. Science supports the theory of determinism as the only logical explanation of the unfolding of the actions of our lives. First off, science has recently developed the discipline known to us as physics, in which the laws of the universe have been defined. In the short time in which humans have been graced by the scientific understanding of the laws of the universe, human kind has yet to fully step back and contemplate the magnitude of this discovery. In generations past, humans believed that we were made special with â€Å"free will†, but now we know that like all things in the universe we are subject to the physical laws. This is a huge step forward in rational thinking because it allows us to understand that our previously God given concept ofShow MoreRelatedFree Will Vs. Determinism879 Words   |  4 PagesFree Will vs. Determinism What determines and influences human behavior? Humans have been looking the answer for this question during several eras, thus they developed various theories attempting to explain human behavior. Determinism is the belief that one event is the consequence of a previous action, similar to a chain. According to some philosophers who support determinism, the will of an agent follows physical laws, and every action is explicable and predictable by physical conditions. By thisRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King1387 Words   |  6 Pageshe had no control over his own destiny; The free will he thought he had was merely an illusion (Sophocles 59). Since the day he was born, his fate had already been determined. The theme of â€Å"free will vs determinism† can be seen throughout the play, and it raises some very important questions. Questions that are very difficult to answer and have troubled even the most famous of philosophers for many millennia. Is there such a thing as free will? Is free will an illusion? Does destiny exist? Has everythingRead MoreFree Will Vs. Determinism Is Tackled By Scott Meyers1400 Words   |  6 Pagesfact, even be the result of chemical reactions occurring in the neurons residing in our brain. We as humans are curious as to what â€Å"free will† is truly defined as. Whatever the answer, the question posed is one that will result in many different varying opinions, many of which could impact the worlds of both science and philosophy. The subject of free will vs. determinism is tackled by Scott Meyers in his novel, Off to Be the Wizard, which was released in March of 2014. In Scott Meyer’sRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will1089 Words   |  5 PagesOlivia Vogel Introduction to philosophy Jones Determinism vs. Free will The belief that all events have causes and if there ever is an equivalent origin, the same outcome will occur is called determinism. Almost meaning that every event is certain and that there really isn’t such thing as â€Å"free will†. We have the debut of free will, it is an unmitigated appearance that simply holds that there is a case about anything that happens in the near future, neverthelessRead MoreHU4640 Project Part11650 Words   |  7 Pageslastly, free will versus determinism. It will also include a discussion about the study of morality and identify which of the approaches (Scientific, Philosophical, or Theological/Religious) are closest to my own personal beliefs. There will be a discussion regarding the three sources of ethics and what they are based on (Reason, Emotion, and Intuitionism). Keywords: Virtue Ethics, Care Ethics, Absolutism, Relativism, Consequentialism, Deontological Ethics, Intuitionism, Determinism, Free Will.Read MoreEssay on Ayer, A.J. Freedom and Necessity.972 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy 1301. 1002 Ayer, A.J. â€Å"Freedom and Necessity.† In the following paper I will talk about A.J. Ayer’s â€Å"Freedom and Necessity,† and I will explain the dilemma of determinism and Ayer’s compatibilist solution to it. I will explain some of the examples Ayer uses to explain the difference between cause and being constrained, and how both affect one’s free will. I will also discuss on why Ayer’s compatibilism solution to the dilemma is the best solution so far. According to A.J. Ayer,Read MoreFree Will vs Determinism627 Words   |  3 PagesTed Honderich Determinism Vs Free Will Psychology 101-1322 Professor: James Pattison By: Belinda Bielicki July 2, 2011 Determinism versus Free Will: The most important and the oldest philosophical question is perhaps that of free will and determinism. Do people have free will, or are our actions pre-determined? Ted Honderich defined determinism as the philosophical idea that every event or state of affairs, including every human decision and action, is the inevitable and necessaryRead MoreBaron dHolbach and William James on Free Will and Determinism1192 Words   |  5 PagesBaron dHolbach and William James on Free Will and Determinism 3. Discuss the issue between Baron dHolbach and William James on free will and determinism? Before we can discuss the issue between Baron dHolbach and William James we have to know the definitions of the items the issue is about. Free will according to the Encarta encyclopedia is The power or ability of the human mind to choose a course of action or make a decision without being subject to restraints imposed by antecedentRead MoreThe Trusty Model Of Dependent Personality Disorder1266 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstand an individual personality. The purpose of this paper is to present -the Trusty model of dependent personality disorder. Major topics relevant to the disorder will be explored including the human image (determination vs. free will, nature vs. nurture and the past vs. the present) as well as the dysfunctional personality style. As you read this paper, I hope you will be more enlightened from the information presented and also gain a better understanding of dependent personality disorder. Read MoreFree Will vs. Determinism Essay1951 Words   |  8 PagesFree Will vs. Determinism Society walks about day-by-day living their lives and never really thinking or breaking down how their day unfolds or why it plays out the way it does. Some people have said that individuals have a choice and are able to decide on where their day goes. Others on the other hand would argue this assessment and state that your day and your life as whole are all pre determined. The different is free will vs. determinism. Do you believe we live in a free will world or has

African Americans During The Reconstruction Era - 1629 Words

During The Reconstruction era, African Americans faced many obstacles on their way to success. Reconstruction of the United States refers to the remodeling that took place after the civil war. The country was injured in all areas. Its society, economy and physical structure had been In January of 1863; President Abraham Lincoln lifted the chains off thousands of African Americans’ shoulders by releasing the Emancipation Proclamation. Unfortunately, this relief was short-winded. The Emancipation Proclamation stated that all people who were deemed as slaves, were to be set free from slavery and guaranteed to no return to it. At first glance, this new legislative act appeared to provide endless opportunities for newly freed African Americans. Instead, life after the passing of the Emancipation Proclamation conceived more problems for African Americans than those they possessed during the bondage of slavery. After the Emancipation Proclamation was passed, African Americans faced various issues including a lack of opportunities, an unfair starting point and continuous discrimination. A dominant downfall to the Emancipation Proclamation was the small amount of opportunities that were available for African American workers. Though the law allowed African Americans to join the work force, it did not create jobs for them to obtain. This led these newly freed men to resort to the same type of labor they performed before gaining freedom. Most African American men returned to hardShow MoreRelatedThe End Of The Reconstruction1318 Words   |  6 Pages1860’s there was an Era that started called the reconstruction. The main purpose for the reconstruction was to give African-American people full political and civil equality. However, it was very tough to do this, especially since most white in the south didn’t want the African-Americans to have the same rights as themselves. During this Era there were multiple good things that happened, yet, there were a lso many bad things that happened. For instance, during the reconstruction the 14th amendmentRead MoreThe Reconstruction Era Was A Success1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was a Success Shortly after the Civil War ended in 1867, President Abraham Lincoln’s new objective was to unify the union and the confederate states into what was formerly known as the United States of America. This time period is known as the Reconstruction Era, starting with the surrender of Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House in 1865 and ending with the implementation of the Compromise of 1877. The Reconstruction Era was a time period full of political, economicRead MoreReconstruction Of The Reconstruction Era1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was known as a time to reconstruct the United States of America by the expansion of governmental power that began in 1865. â€Å"There were two central problems that animated Reconstruction; providing justice for freedmen and facilitating national reconciliation. (A New Birth of Freedom, pg. 1) After the 12 year span, reconstructing the nation succeeded in only a few of the goals that were set out to achieve within those 12 years that it was in progress. The Reconstruction’s intentionsRead MoreReconstruction Era1650 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction 1 The Reconstruction Era Jessica Onken American History Since 1865 Professor Tim Johnston August 2, 2010 Reconstruction 2 The Reconstruction Era The reconstruction era was a difficult time for the African American slaves from 1865 to 1877 because the slaves were freed and there were no jobs for them, had very little or no education, and had very limited opportunity in the south. Reconstruction was one of the most critical periods in American History. The CivilRead MoreThe Reconstruction-Era Essay731 Words   |  3 PagesThe Reconstruction-Era The Reconstruction-era offered numerous opportunities to African-Americans, by attempting to secure the rights for ex-slaves, but the opportunities presented even more obstacles to them. The thought of freedom intrigued the African-Americans at first, but many of them quickly changed their minds after experiencing it. Henry William Ravenel, a slaveowner, proclaimed, When they were told they were free, some said they did not wish to be freeRead MoreAnalysis of The Reconstruction Period1087 Words   |  5 Pagesthese African Americans and the South’s ever-growing hatred towards this group, African Americans were left to suffer harsh discrimination and horrible conditions. Africans Americans were left without homes, education, jobs, or money. Reconstruction was the Radical Republicans’ attempt to try and bring the Confederate states back to normal and unite both the South and the North into a whole country once again. Reconstruction was also set to protect and help th e newly freed African Americans assimilateRead MoreThe Reconstruction Era During The Civil War910 Words   |  4 Pagesone time African Americans were treated poorly this country wouldn’t be what it is today without what African Americans went through. They have had such a major impact on music, movies, literature, sports, and many other things. The Reconstruction Era took place after the end of the Civil War. It lasted from 1965 to 1977. It was the North’s way of making peace with not only former slaves, but the South as well. The Reconstruction Era attempted to better the lives of African Americans by makingRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Civil War Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagespain. Veteran William Lloyd Garrison describes few of many changes that occurred after the Civil War, including the abolishment of slavery and the African American being granted for the first time in history the right to vote. As the civil war came to an end, the United States began to establish an undivided nation. This era known as the reconstruction era is described as â€Å"meaning literally the rebuilding of a shattered nation. (verterans of the civil movment, n.d.) Reconstruction’s main goal was toRead MoreCivil Reconstruction And Its Impact On The Civil War977 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the early 1900’s, slavery had already been abolished. African-Americans were freed and could earn a decent life for themselves; this did not mean they would live a peaceful life. After slavery ended, Reconstruction was introduced to bring the former Confederate states back into the union . As reconstruction was getting started, Radical Republicans of the North passed the Military Rec onstruction Acts of 1867 for revenge on the southerners, which divided the south into five military districtsRead MoreReconstruction Of Reconstruction During The Civil War883 Words   |  4 Pages Describe and analyze Reconstruction. Did Reconstruction have any successes? The end of civil war in the United States of America brought about many problems, in particular for the South. Some of the problems were political, economic decay and social disorder. The war destroyed the plantations and crops thus causing many to starve to death while others became homeless. The reconstruction became the only hope for the people. Radical reconstruction began in 1867, which enabled the freed black men

Gender and Leadership free essay sample

Leadership is the act of directing, motivating and managing a group of people towards a shared goal. Tasks often requiring leadership are generally complex and large. Leadership is used in these instances to avoid chaos and maintain a clear direction of work along with the management of time. Going back to nature into the most limbic slice of the brain, males are generally seen more direct and more involved in their approach to leadership. Little less than a century ago, this might have been almost inarguable. With the rise in the feminist theory in the field of sociology, women have been seen ever advancing in power and involvement in decision making across diverse sectors – this in reference not only to businesses. The natural curiosity generated by this kind of development unsurprisingly interested researchers to clarify and derive conclusions. Three key papers were provided and referred to in writing this post. Interviews with leaders An interview with 24 CEOs by Groysberg and Connolly (2013) drew some interesting facts about women and leadership. First of all, the past CEO of Aovn, Andrea Jung shows evidence of gender based bias in reference to leadership. She notes how she was not expected to be a CEO in meetings outside her organization. This goes a long way to show that women are not necessarily seen as leaders by the general masses. Similarly arguable perceptions are made based on their role in families. A major chunk of the blame goes to the expectations placed on them. Positions requiring a lot of travelling are perceived to be inappropriate for females given their role as care takers for families (carefully stating) especially in Asia. The bias goes to such an extent that even racial discrimination is compared to be less significant. The argument on bias is further supported by the fact that only 4% of the Fortune 500 companies are led by females as stated in the paper. Barriers for women is argued to be a result of their exclusion from networks, which as explained later is essential for development of leadership. Inclusive culture suggests that regardless of differences, personal development can be attained with the correlation of it with the goals of the company and that contribution is valued. However, as with the case of Jim Turley, who unintentionally failed to respond to suggestions by three females, inclusive culture is not necessarily fully implemented in organizations. The position of female leaders Adi Ignatius (2013) states that women are ‘depressingly underrepresented’ higher up in the hierarchy. The article suggests (citing Sheryl Sandberg) that women themselves are not yet fully prepared, in a sense, for higher level management positions. Anne-Marie Slaughter (cited in Ignatius) even suggests some radical changes to society for progress in this field. Ely, et. al (cited in Ignatius) show reasons to the gap between the genders in leadership. The paper by Ely, et. al, talking about the barriers present for women talks about how as opportunities and capabilities grow, chances arise to take on challenging tasks. These tasks allow one to work in new ways and a lack of them, they argue, diminishes confidence and personal development. Further study into another paper by the same authors revealed strong evidence as to the gaps between the genders in leadership. (Ely, et. al, 2011) Development of female leadership Ely, et.al (2013) suggest three initiatives to develop female leadership. According to them, a finding showed that women are discriminated without them even realizing and admitting to it. Gender bias, they state, is stereotypical. The first initiative therefore is to have these biases known. Once people are aware of its existence, they are likely to change it. There is evidence to show the initiative’s effectiveness as wel l as implications. Carlos Ghoson of Nissan, for example, showed his disapproval of gender bias in the previously talked about interview with leaders. The second initiative is to â€Å"create safe ‘identity workspace’. † This is basically aimed at creating what may be called a friendly environment for women to participate and be involved in. Doing so is suggested to be beneficial as women will be willing to take risks and participate without the anxiety of being judged. Seeing development efforts in the light of leadership over gender perception is the final initiative. Development, when related to leadership as opposed to distinguishing and noting gender biases allows women to focus on goals over rejection of stereotypically ‘male’ methods. With this, females can aim at developing themselves. Further, the authors argue, this can help develop connections which are vital given women’s avoidance of networking. Further research Impacts on employees and organizations Male workers are clearly in an advantageous position considering the stereotypical and subliminal preference in organizations. Women on the other hand fall behind given that they are not necessarily preferred for promotions and more specifically as leaders. Eagly and Johnson (1990) suggest that subordinates do not generally accept women as leaders. This is also supported by Ely, et.al (2011, 2013) When it comes to female subordinates, Eagly and Hall in their separate researches (cited in Eagly and Johnson, 1990) state a group of women (opposed to men) can be seen expressive, friendly, pleasant and socially sensitive. Research suggests (Eagly, et. al, 2003) women use more of transformational leadership (changingminds. org, 26/12/13) than men. This means th at employees are recognised more for their efforts. This is motivating according to Herzberg (cited in Stimpson and Farquharson, 2010) Leadership style Women, as leaders may be stereotypically associated with democratic leadership. This is further suggested by Eagly and Johnson (1990) who advocate the involvement of subordinates in decision making for acceptance of women as leaders. Women are also likely to use transformational leadership as stated earlier. Adding to this, Robbins Judge (2007) suggest women are better at leading contemporary organizations as opposed to males who are better with structure and control. Leadership theories They also cite Russell, et. al on females describing effective female leaders as showing high consideration as well as high initiating structure. Referring this to the Ohio State studies, (Robbins and Judge, 2007) women are thus better leaders in the eyes of women themselves. Taking cognitive resource theory by Fiedler (Robbins and Judge, 2007) into consideration, the higher propensity for women to ruminate (discussed later) is a clear disadvantage. Women, relating to this assumption to leadership, may be too ‘cognitively taxed’ to lead effectively. The stresses of over thinking and eventually depression (again, discussed later) will take away any advantages in terms of experience and skill in leading. Shedding further light into the realm of women and leadership is made possible with the Situational Theory. The theory focuses on the roles of followers for the success of leaders. (Robbins Judge, 2007) It has already been established that women describe other women as better leaders. Thus in this case, the readiness of employees and subordinates, if they are females as well, is considerable. Further strength to this argument may be given by Eagly as well as Hall’s findings (cited in Eagly Johnson, 1990) as stated earlier. On the other hand, as discussed, females are not easily accepted as leaders (Eagly and Johnson, 1990; Ely, et.al, 2011, 2013). In this case, the readiness unavoidably drops as a result of inacceptance. Leadership by women thus, as evidence suggests, is most effective if subordinates are also women. Personal opinions and conclusions Though inclusive culture is not fully applied in businesses, it is most arguably not a result of intention and discrimination but more a result of bias – generated by subliminal and sociological influences. Not to anger anyone and purely as an exploration of possibilities, there may though, be a positive side to this bias. Robbins and Judge (2007) describe men as less prone to rumination half as much in fact. This tendency to over think causes increased analysis of past decisions, leading (they state) to depression. Age is a factor in influencing this difference in thinking habits. Rumination is seen less in males by the age of 11, where as the differences are smallest by the age of 65. As may be realized, this is a large proportion of age useful and used for leadership. Differences between the styles of leadership between genders may be a result of socialization. The way children are treated and expected to behave differently in childhood may contribute to difference in leadership styles they use as they grow up. Since there are stereotypic expectations in male and female behaviour, leadership behaviours and even traits may be subliminally influenced. So, are women effective leaders? It depends, what gender are they leading? Initial review on the subject suggested that female leaders were actually less effective. However, relation of female leadership to the Situational Leadership theory revealed, with further evidence, that female leadership is most effective in cases involving female subordinates. Now, this statement may seem false given the usually near equal number of male as well as female employees in most organizations. The suggested derivations and findings would suggest an equal number of male and female leaders. However, in defence of the claim, the lack of female leadership progress may be explained by a still male dominated environment that is the work life. Evidence to this is shown by Innatius (2013), Ely, et. al (2011, 2013) and Goysberg, et. al (2013) Though this ‘domination’ may not be overt, but the subconscious power and preference of males in leader selection arising through the way, since childhood, one is socialized.

Memoir of My Parents Divorce Essay Example For Students

Memoir of My Parents Divorce Essay As I sat in my bedroom listening to Wales song Ambition. I turned up the volume in an attempt to block the sounds coming from the other side of the door. They were not sounds of joy and happiness; rather they were angry and bitter voices. As accusations were being hurled outside my room wall, I sat on my bed feeling like the loneliest person in the world. I thought to myself, How could two people who have shown me so much love speak to each other with such hatred and disgust? All I heard was shattering of glass against the floor, and pounding of fists against the solid beige walls. I wished and wished for the noise to end, but what I didnt realize was the end of it would change my life forever. It all started when I heard the arguing almost every day. Then one day my parents walked into my room and with hushed and nervous tones, they started to explain everything. As my mother was talking to me, I felt an overwhelming sense of sadness. I was crying hysterically, not being able to keep up with the tears that were rolling down my face. Thats when it had hit me that this was actually happening; they were getting a divorce and it was final. All sorts of feelings came to mind, but all I did was cry making my sight of vision a blur. My face turned cherry red and I felt a wave of heat rush over my body. Even after my clear sight of vision came back, things were still fuzzy. What had worried me the most was that my family had been broken apart. And I couldnt help wondering what if my parents would have ended up looking at each other with hatred? I looked up to them individually but also as a couple. They barely ever fought but I guess things are different behind closed doors. I tried my hardest to think positively about the situation, but all I could think about was my parents not being happy anymore. I kept thinking about the main events that would happen in the future such as my graduation or my basketball games. I want both of them to be there cheering for me as a family and just present for every major event that happens in my life. I want both my parents to be there but I want them to get along as they did before this all happened. I hated knowing that they were never going to live in the same house and under the same roof any more, that everything had to be split in half. I spent that whole night thinking about how my life would change forever, but maybe it was for the better. This situation might not have been how I wanted it to end, but this wasnt up to me anymore. There was nothing I could have done that would have changed their minds. I then realized not only would my life be different in the future; it would also be effecting my life today. Everything that would be different in my life such as, there would be alternating weeks at each other parents house, hauling luggage from one location to another, celebrating holidays twice and having two separate family dinners, and not waking up to seeing both of them every morning was a memory I cherished the most. I knew I would miss everything about our old life together, just seeing them while they were happy and actually cracking jokes with each other would have to be the number one thing I will the most. I loved seeing them happy, laughing and giggling with and at each other, it reminded me of when my family was at their happiest moments. All these positive thoughts came to mind from the past when they were at their happiest. Then all of a sudden, everything turned into negative thoughts. I was just thinking about myself, and how I would feel about my parents splitting apart for good. .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .postImageUrl , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:hover , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:visited , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:active { border:0!important; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:active , .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306 .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u370fb7d46cd3905242004dd6a2632306:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Free Great Gatsbys: American Family Values G EssayMy mother and father both asked me how I felt about it and I cried hysterically, but I never once seemed to even think about them, and their feelings towards the situation. They were unhappy and I would not have wanted them to be miserable for the rest of their lives for my sake. I did not like seeing my parents wake up in a bad mood, I wanted to see them both happy and if that meant them not being together anymore, then that is how it had to end. Even though I didnt think I was ever going to get used to it, I tried my hardest for my familys sake. It just so happens that they stayed friends and they still shared a special bond that no one could break. They have spent 18 years of their lives together as lovers and best friends. That long of a relationship could not have just been thrown away and forgotten about. Many memories that never could have been forgotten about as a family were most likely their wedding and the birth of their child. They say never take things in life for granted because someday those things could be taken away in the blink of an eye. No one would have ever guessed that my family would have been broken apart. Everything used to be so perfect but things change and so do people. The love of their marriage just did not exist anymore. Their perfect chemistry had been torn apart and their love for each other had faded away. They agreed on staying friends and thats how it ended, in friendship. They had one thing that they would always share and that was the love for their child. The bond between a child and a parent could never be broken, no matter what the outcome.

Similarities and Differences in the Early Vs. Late 20th Century Europe free essay sample

Europe in the 20th century underwent many drastic changes, as to be expected over the course of 100 years. During that time, an industrial revolution took place, a feminist movement swept Europe, and new methods of government replaced the old ones. The political, social, and economic similarities and differences between the first half and the second half of the twentieth century in Europe occurred mostly in the areas of women’s roles, industrial technology, and the structure of the government. At the beginning of the 20th century, gender based roles were normal among middle class families all over Europe. Men were the main supporters for the family, working outside of the home and providing money and a home for the family. Women were to bear and raise children as well as tending to the needs of their husbands. As told by a woman living during the early 20th century, women were to â€Å"‘do anything which may please [her] husband, promote economy, or embellish [her] table,†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Sandford). We will write a custom essay sample on Similarities and Differences in the Early Vs. Late 20th Century Europe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Women remained legally inferior, economically dependent, and largely defined by family and household roles,† (Spielvogel 422-423). When it came to education, â€Å"the education of women should, of course, be strictly feminine,† (Sandford). School for women was compared to â€Å"sipping like butterflies at every flower† (Sandford). Education was seen as unnecessary to women since they would never use it. For men, it was different though. They still had to go to school and learn logic from Aristotle, science from Newton, and history from Thucydides and Livy. It was expected for boys to attend school to get a good education. These roles were accepted socially and would not change until later in the century. The second half of the 20th century was greatly different from the first half in terms of women. Women had more roles in the second half, and had greater access to education. Women were having less children on average and the population remained the same. This led to a bigger market for women to work in, including law, medicine, government, and education jobs. But just like the first half, women were forced to work for lower wages and received less opportunities. During the 70’s and 80’s, a women’s movement swept across Europe. Women sought more power over their bodies. Women came in the hundreds of thousands to demonstrate for laws for contraception and abortion. Since women were becoming more active in government, some actively began to take part in government. Margaret Thatcher shows very well how the ideals and roles of women changed over the course of the 20th century. Margaret Thatcher is best known for being the first and only woman to rule as prime minister of Britain as well as being the longest ruling prime minister. She broke through the previous names of women even being nicknamed â€Å"The Iron Lady† (Spielvogel 541). If Margaret had lived just 50 years earlier, she would not have had the same authority and chances to rule. This is an example of major differences between the first and second half of the twentieth century in terms of womens rights and roles. The second half of the 20th century was a time of change especially in terms of the industrial growth. New forms of technology were being invented and improved. Huge improvements were made in the areas of war and technology. The atomic bomb was invented by American and European scientists. The revolutionary new invention of computers has proved to be useful. The industries of science and technology flourished so much during the second half of the 20th century, some people worried about the effects that the technology production had on earth’s resources (Schumacher). In the beginning of the 20th century, the government in Russia was overly organized and Tsarist. The population of Russia was dramatically increasing, but the production of food was not increasing at the same rate as the population growth, leading to major food shortages. The people of Russia were very unhappy with the Tsar and there were many riots protesting their government due to the food shortages and Russia’s failed involvement in the First World War. On top of these problems, Russia was faced with a huge loss in life from the war, further upsetting the people of Russia. Many riots and demonstrations were held to protest the Tsar’s refusal to drop out of the war. This was a period of chaos and turmoil. Tsar Nicholas II was finally forced to abdicate in February of 1917 because he was disliked by most of Russia at the time. This was clearly a stage of despair and anger towards the government. After the Tsar resigned, the Duma took control. The Duma was the legislative body of Russia and they set up a provisional government whose goals were to restore the tsar and maintain order within society. Instead of focusing on problems within the country, the Duma’s main concerns were with the war. This resulted in an eruption of utter disarray of the people. Subsequently, the people lost all hope in the government and began to refuse all types of government. Society was in a free-for-all and theft was a major problem. â€Å"Apartments [emptied] themselves automatically of their objects of value† (Naudeau). All of these events led to total chaos in Russia with everyone in disbelief of the government. With all the chaos of the first half of the 20th century, a power was needed to assemble and organize Russia in the second half. A new thinking was brought by Mikhail Gorbachev. Gorbachev was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. He launched a political movement called Perestroika to restructure the Communist Party. The purpose of Perestroika was to take the previous ideals of Leninism and combine them with Communism (Gorbachev). The previous dictatorship of over 70 years was ended by Gorbachev and the Communist Party began to gain more power (Mikhail). Just after Gorbachev was chosen as the Communist Party general secretary, he started to become immensely popular all around the world. Different from the Duma, Gorbachev had a new policy thats main purpose was to end the Afghan war. Gorbachev’s willingness to moderate the military shows how different the ruled from the previous ways of government. Gorbachev later began to reform political policies that had been in place since 1917, when the Duma was established. These policies included how leaders would be elected and removed the special status that Communist officials had over non-Communist officials. The monopoly that was willingly taken away from the Communists further separated the second half from the first half of the century politically. On the contrary, Gorbachev began to show similar qualities to the Tsar and the Duma. The industrial and agricultural output began to decline and the people became upset with the government. To deal with it, Gorbachev started to move towards a private ownership and system of farming. Since the people were no longer under heavy control, groups such as the Christian Armenians and the Moslem Azerbaijanis engaged in war between each other due to their rivalries (Mikhail). It is clear that there were differences between the Duma in the first half of the century, and Gorbachev in the second half, but similarities can also be seen between the two methods of ruling. Therefore, the political, social, and economic similarities and differences between the first half and the second half of the twentieth century in Europe occurred mostly in the areas of women’s roles, as shown through Margaret Thatcher, industrial technology, displayed in major inventions, and the structure of the government seen in Russia.

Free Essays on Stress Fractures

Diagnosing Stress Fractures Stress fractures are one of the most common sports related injuries that are usually managed by family practitioners. It is a result of repetitive use of a muscle group that exceeds the natural ability of the bone to repair itself. The lower extremities are frequently affected by sports involving running and jumping. Activities such as baseball and tennis involve repetitive usage of the arms and can cause stress fractures of the upper extremities. Lower extremity stress fractures present as localized, dull pain with no evidence of trauma that worsens during exercise or weight bearing. The tibia is the most common site of injury and accounts for 50% of stress fractures. Localized edema and thickening of the periosteum can occur and is prevalent to the middle and distal third of the tibia. Point tenderness to palpation to the injury site is hallmark for stress fractures. Metatarsal fractures make up 25% of stress fractures and are usually located to the distal second and third metatarsal. These injuries are common among military recruits and those who are not physically conditioned for the workout routine they are participating in. Many presumed diagnosis are made by clinical exam. Radiological studies will help the clinician to make a definitive diagnosis. Plain radiographs should be obtained, but evidence of a fracture may never appear or may not appear for two to ten weeks after symptom onset. Repeat radiographs will reveal a fracture during the recovery phase 50% of the time. Bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging scans are more expensive than plain radiographs but are much more accurate in identifying stress fractures. Although stress fractures are very common among young athletes, clinicians are imprecise at making the correct diagnosis. Proper diagnosis are important to prevent further injury and possible nonunion of the affected bone. My patient care populations are ... Free Essays on Stress Fractures Free Essays on Stress Fractures Diagnosing Stress Fractures Stress fractures are one of the most common sports related injuries that are usually managed by family practitioners. It is a result of repetitive use of a muscle group that exceeds the natural ability of the bone to repair itself. The lower extremities are frequently affected by sports involving running and jumping. Activities such as baseball and tennis involve repetitive usage of the arms and can cause stress fractures of the upper extremities. Lower extremity stress fractures present as localized, dull pain with no evidence of trauma that worsens during exercise or weight bearing. The tibia is the most common site of injury and accounts for 50% of stress fractures. Localized edema and thickening of the periosteum can occur and is prevalent to the middle and distal third of the tibia. Point tenderness to palpation to the injury site is hallmark for stress fractures. Metatarsal fractures make up 25% of stress fractures and are usually located to the distal second and third metatarsal. These injuries are common among military recruits and those who are not physically conditioned for the workout routine they are participating in. Many presumed diagnosis are made by clinical exam. Radiological studies will help the clinician to make a definitive diagnosis. Plain radiographs should be obtained, but evidence of a fracture may never appear or may not appear for two to ten weeks after symptom onset. Repeat radiographs will reveal a fracture during the recovery phase 50% of the time. Bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging scans are more expensive than plain radiographs but are much more accurate in identifying stress fractures. Although stress fractures are very common among young athletes, clinicians are imprecise at making the correct diagnosis. Proper diagnosis are important to prevent further injury and possible nonunion of the affected bone. My patient care populations are ...

Ethics Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics Reflection Paper - Essay Example This paper will examine the role of Ethics and social responsibility in developing a strategic plan as well as engage some personal reflection. To begin with, one should note that while Ethics might seem as an abstract matter that does not have any real application to the business world, it may be rather helpful because of several reasons. On the one hand, it provides a company with comprehensive guidelines who to treat people who are engaged in the business activity (Pearce & Robinson, 2013). In other words, it sets the ground rules that every one is obliged to follow. On the other hand, this results in the emergence of effective interaction and contributes to the success of the strategic plan that is being developed by a company. In addition to that, one should also note that notion of social responsibility is the one that should be engaged in the discussion as well. It is truly essential for a development of a strategic plan since it allows the company to identify the stakeholders who will be affected by the actions which will be carried out. With this in mind it is rather easy to outline the future impact and introduce certain adjustments if necessary. Furthermore, it provides a company with an ability to make rough predictions about its future and the nature of interaction with the public, avoiding possible conflicts that might ruin this cooperation from the very beginning if an organization is careless about its influence. What is more important is that a socially responsible company not only acknowledges its impact, but it also strives to make a valuable contribution to the local environment. This means that an organization tries to minimize the harm that is brought by its activities and launches different programs which may or may not be related to its industry that help the local community in a number of ways. As a result, a company accepts its role is a local member and tries to â€Å"do

What is Technology Green Architecture and Green Electricity Essay

What is Technology Green Architecture and Green Electricity - Essay Example Wheel is considered to be the basis of technological advancement and is still considered to be one of the most influential technological development that mankind has seen. It was during 1760 to 1850 that there was a spurt of developments in technology (Ashton, 1969). This period is often referred to as industrial revolution (Ashton, 1969). Technology was introduced initially in the agriculture industry to facilitate food production. This intensified food production and food processing. However, these technological innovations brought forth massive changes in the life styles and life processes of people. The operational pattern of textile, metal, transportation and some of the other industries were the first ones to get influenced by technology(Ashton, 1969). Later technology was introduces in all spheres of life and was exported across nations. However, technological advancements also resulted in the inappropriate and over exploitation of resources. For example, technological advance ments in oil mining have resulted in overexploitation of fossil fuels. Technology in aviation and transportation in general has caused emissions causing detrimental effects in climate and environment.This indiscriminate advancement of technology has made the scientific fraternity think about technologies like Green Architecture and Green Electricity. Green Architecture Green Architecture refers to a school of thought in the field of architecture which involves minimal use of non-renewable resources and also results in minimal pollution of the environment Vohra S (2007). The facilities created by green architects will ensure optimal utilization of resources like energy, water etc. A sustainable approach is followed in the technologies employed in green architecture. It has been reported that the first green office was built in 1985 in the US (McDonough, 2006). Examples of technologies which go into a green building are water recycling units, traditional roof tops using indigenous mat erials ensuring absorption of heat, indoor greenery, natural light management using sunlight oriented construction, weather proof building skin, solar power, social spaces and waste management technologies(McDonough, 2006). Corporate companies are ensuring that their offices are constructed using green technologies. Green Electricity Green electricity is another technology developed by the industry which is oriented on a sustainability approach. This includes processes to harness energy with least environmental pollution. Some examples of green electricity are wind power, solar energy, geothermal power, anaerobic digestion, biomass power, tidal power and some forms of nuclear power (McDonough, 2006). As many of the technologies which produce green electricity depend on decomposition of waste, this has a mutually beneficial effect. The Benefits The primary benefit of green architecture is that it provides low cost housing. The various green technologies incorporated in a green buildi ng will ensure considerable reduction in green gas emissions (Sunday, O, Suneetha S & , Ademola B K ,2010). It must be noted here that buildings, especially urban architecture is a major contributor to green gas emissions (Sunday, O, Suneetha S & , Ademola B K ,2010). An example to this is the air conditioners, which produces a large quantum of carbon emissions. Green building technologies incorporates changes in roofing which absorbs heat. Moreover Green Technology has come up with evaporative cooling systems which reduce emission (Vohra ,2007). Along with it, it has been reported that a large quantum of energy consumption is caused by buildings. Thus Green Architecture will help in the reduction of global energy consumption. The case of

What are the special developmental needs of children in public care Essay

What are the special developmental needs of children in public care Outline the role of social work in meeting these needs - Essay Example It refers to the full-time parenting of children by individuals related by blood, law, or marriage. In some contexts, it also includes care provided by â€Å"members of [a] tribe or clan, godparents, stepparents, or other adults who have a kinship blood with a child† (CWLA 1994), although these caregivers are more widely referred to as â€Å"kith†. While gaining increasing contemporary attention in social-policy circles, the practice of rearing a relative’s child is ancient and global. In early Hawaiian cultures, for example, paternal grandparents typically claimed the first-born son, and maternal grandparents the first-born daughter, as their own (Luomala 1987, p. 1-45). In many African nations, kinship care has been widely practices for decades (Hegar 1999), and in colonial America children who lost their parents to death or incapacity were typically reared by grandparents or other relatives (Trattner 1994, p. 39-49). Public-policy makers generally appreciate the role of relatives in the lives of children; without their assistance, many children might otherwise be forced into the arms of the state and/or strangers for custody and support. Yet efforts to affirm grandparent’s labors in a no-strings-attached policy environment, where parents are tacitly discouraged from raising their children, may have unwittingly contributed to the development of social trends in family patterns and unregulated care for children that is less than ideal. Instead, acknowledgement of the role grandparents play in the lives of children can be balanced by a combination of social recognition, financial support, and modest bureaucratic regulation. The more generous financial support, and the fewer obligations attached to the funding, the greater the concern that such assistance may create opportunities for and pressures on parents to move children into more economically stable environments in the homes of relatives .

A Review Of Air Asia

A Review Of Air Asia Air Asia is the Asian company, it was established in 1993 but its first operation commenced in 18 November 1996.it provide the only transportation services but it also provide the cargo services and courier services. As in the international market he faces severe competition. Air Asia faces many competitions and severe strong challenge of many new airlines and it also face competition with not only international airlines but also local airlines on the various routes to the Europe and Middle East. Because of the high oil prices international aviation industry regulation and some internal factor such as mismanagement corruption and lack of motivation and accountability. The assignment tells about the three section of the organization. In the first section of the organization are introduction and its corporate strategy development history and its business strategy. And in the second section we focus on the organization external analysis which includes the swot analysis and porter five forces. At the ending or third section we total focus on the organization future strategy, tell in the future if he gone to another country how achieve their target and to beat their competitors. And also describe the strategies of penetration to foreign country, how to stable Air Asia in this country. Introduction: The report is about the air line company in Asia which gives the air line services to the passenger namely AirAsia airline. Air Asia company is established in 1993 and firstly commenced operation on November 18, 1996. It was originally founded by a government -owned conglomerate DRB-Hicom. Asias well reputed and leading airline established with the dream of building flying possible for everyone. Since 2001, Air Asia has very rapidly broken the travel norms around the world and has become the most leading and innovative airline in the world. Air Asia also invited the low cost aviation through our innovation solution. With a route network that spans through more than 20 countries and it continues to cover the way for low cost aviation, efficient processes and an obsessive approach to business. Air Asia is set to take low cost flying to an all new high with our believe. Air Asia operate with the worlds lowest unit cost of US$0.023/ASK and the passenger breakeven load factor of 52% and world fastest growing airline in the world. It has hedge 100% of its fuel requirement for the next three year. Achieve an aircraft turnaround time of 25 minutes has a crew productivity level that is triple and achieve an average aircraft utilization rate of 13 hours a day. Air Asia focuses on different major issue first, it is partnering with the worlds most renowned maintenance providers and to comply with world airline operation to guarantee the passengers safety. Second, implementing the regions fastest turnaround time at only 25 minutes, to assure lower costs and higher productivity. Third, low fare without compromising on quality and services. Fourth, streamline operation and lean distribution system. Fifth, applying the point-to-point network to keep operations simple and low costs. Air Asia keeps improving their supportive and their constructive management, and also has won many awards and recognitions in 2008 and 2009. The recent award of the Air Asia is the best airline of the year by Center Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA), best Asia low-cost carrier by TTG Travel Awards 2009, and world more best low-cost airline by Skytrax. Focusing on the low cost, long haul segment -AirAsia X was established in 2007 to provide high-frequency and point-to-point networks to the long haul business. AirAsia X efficient and reliable operation are fully licensed and monitored by Malaysian and international regulators. AirAsia X-traordinary in fight and service experience to all our guests, spreading the amazing AirAsia experience to exciting destination in Australia, China, India, Middle East and Europe. Vision statement: Their vision, under the slogan Now Everyone Can Fly, is To be the largest low cost airline in Asia and serving the 3 billion people who are currently underserved with poor connectivity and high fares Mission statement: Their mission is, under the banner of Affordable Airfares, To attain the lowest cost so that everyone can fly with AirAsia, without any compromise to Flight Safety Standards, as well as, creating a world wide recognizable brand with a family atmosphere within working conditions for employees. AirAsias mission statement is to be the Asia leading low fare no frills airline and first to introduce ticketless traveling, Air Asia will be unveiling more incentives in the future to encourage more air travel among Malaysians. Now everyone can fly clearly describes AirAsias value. Cost advantages created by Air Asia through operational effectiveness and efficiency go directly to the customers. The customer now enjoy much more surplus than before as the fare falls dramatically and Air Asia captures some of the dead weight losses by capturing segments of customers that previously cannot afford the airlines fare. Corporate strategy: Our corporate strategy is to become a global leader in the world through organic growth and offering differentiated travels other than the competitors in the world. We offered attractive customer services and safe environment to their customers. Air Asia achieved the best Asian low cost carrier by TTG Travel award. Business strategy: Air Asia business strategy is totally concentrated on the cost leadership. Its main aim to target specific competitive markets, and also offer low prices or price sensitivity to their customer. AirAsia provide the services at very low cost than its competitors and it has competitive advantage over its competitors. The central objective is to achieve bigger cost advantage than the rivals by continuously searching areas for cost reduction along with its value chain. Air Asia always looking to keep the operations simple and more efficient to keep the cost low, another AirAsia way to save cost is not to provide the food and drinks on the plane as the main purpose of the airline is just to move someone from one to another place cheaply. It sells food, snacks, and beverages, on the plane. So customer who want to eat or drink can just buy what they want through this AirAsia can get more and more profit from the sales and the food and the beverages because it sells the products for higher prices than supermarket or wholesaler prices. Air Asia does promotion by television, in tabloids, and in the newspaper, but also promotes the brand by sponsoring the amazing race Asia along the show and to have a sponsorship deal with England best football club Manchester United (MU). AirAsia also maintained the safety of the airplanes by complying with the highest international aviation safety standard and practices. Air Asia satisfying customers is the key for long term success, and it always tries to satisfy its customers by flying on time and during the flight time tries to create its team friendly atmosphere to every customer. SWOT Analysis: Strength Weakness Opportunities Threat Strength: Air Asia has a very strong management team and have strong link with the government and the airline industry leaders. Air Asia has a well strong name in the air line industry because they perform their operation in multiple countries like in Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand etc. It has the competitive edge over its competitors because it provides the low cost traveling services all over the world. It also introduces the air buses on which he gives special discount to its customer and it also reduces the fuel cost. Its sponsorship deals with the Manchester United football which is the best in England and also in the world best football club increase the global brand recognition. It used the IT into their operation and get latest information to make newer airplanes. Differentiate from the other air lines; provide the timely services to their customer and more focus on the IT to create the innovation other than the competitors. Fifty percent of Air Asia Thailand which is held by the Tha ksin Shinawara enabled opening up of Thai market with large share. Air Asia has the partnership with other industries such as hotels, car rental firms, hospital include medical tourism, and Citibank has created a very unique image among travellers and also low cost leader in Asia. Weakness: Air Asia has consumed the high fuel consumption in 2008 which also decrease the overall profit and it also fluctuate and unstable the markets lead to increase the operational especially in the airline industry. Recently Air Asia have the poor reputation with customer, this is due to the late timing of flight arrival and the cancelation of the tickets and due to the non-central location of secondary airport it also increase the number of customer complaint. Air Asia can not maintain, no maintaianence, repair facility available, with increasing fleet this is a competitive advantage. Opportunities: In Asia the oil prices are increase very heavily it may be threat for the Air Asia but Air Asia is the low cost leader in the Asia pacific is the opportunity for the Air Asia to capture all the possible existing customer of full service among other low cost airlines customers and being low cost leader in the Asia it has the upper hand on the regional airlines has it big opportunity of the Air Asia. Asian middle class population is reaching almost 700 million by 2010, this create a large market share and huge opportunity for the Air Asia. Air Asia also offers new services such as holiday package and to increase sales, it gives you fidelity cards group discount etc. Air Asia also provide the online facility to get the ticket online and partnership with the Virgin airline which is the American company has well brand name , time slots , landing rights which is the big opportunity fir the Air Asia airline to grow more in the competitive market. Low cost philosophy strategy of Air Asia air line allow to opened more new routes to capture the middle class people in Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and in India. Threats: The threat to Air Asia is enter the potential entrant in the market like recently Singapore airline but Air Asia is the low cost leader in the market there is no more threat to the company, they already provide the low cost customer services to their passenger other than its competitors. They create a well brand name and win an airline award of the year in 2008 and generate more and more profit, so there is no major threat to the Air Asia Company. Porter Five Forces: Bargaining power of Supplier: Bargaining power of supplier is high because monopoly in the industry driven by Airbus and Boeing. Thats why there is not too much alternatives for airlines and there is no much more room for them to bargain. Therefore there is no major substitute available in the market, switching cost are high. Barganing power of Buyer: Barganing power of buyer is high because they have the internet facility and also mobile technology through which it can easily acess the pricess of which airline price are the lowest price.then you can easily move from one airline to an other airline thats why barganing power of buyer is high. Competitive rivalry: Air Asia has the low cost strategy in the leading market of airlines, it offer various discount on thier different package like holiday package. Therefore the competitive rivalry is in the favour of the Air Asia company and it leads in the Asian market, so there is no high competitve rivalry in the market. Threats of Substitute: Basically Air Asia cover many countries across the borders areas and its Asian region is very vast and with its geographic make up air travel is not only a feasible service but it is more efficient and effectiveness. This make the substitution is very low for the Air Asia airline. Thraet of new Entrants: Threat of new entrant is normally based on the market entry barriers like Government policies, tax, economies of scale brand identity, and access distribution. Air Asia has the low cost and market leader and has high capital investment in the market and gain huge market share and also have competitive advantage over the competitors , so finally the threat of new entrant is low or moderate because Air Asia is the market leader in the Asia pacific region. Future strategy of Air Asia: For the future strategy of the Air Asia is that, Air Asia is basically a cost leader between his own competitors. Its create innovation provide the higher class services to their customer. They totally dominate in his region. They also provide the on time service in the region which is basically is the Asia pacific. We achieve the entire target like competitive advantage; cost leadership, more innovative in our region, that why we penetrate to other market. Therefore we penetrate to other market or you can say foreign market like in Pakistan. But in future I recommend that it goes to the Pakistan to provide the services of high class services and also low cost. But in Pakistan Air Asia going with the aim in the future low cost leadership in Pakistan they introduce the some strategies like Proper recruitment process of their staff. Specialized people are hired. Introduce the proper organization structure But in the Pakistan I think that there is no major threat of the competitor enough in Pakistan like Air Blue and the Sheen Air line. But in Pakistan it becomes the leader because in Pakistan only three air lines are working. There services is not cheap and some time it is much on time provide the services and have not executive class of airlines and they have not control on their cost because the Pakistan International Air line is also down because their has no more expenses to bear because they already in loss and according to the other two air lines they also follow the same thing happening. But the Air Asia is the low cost leader in the Asia pacific over their competitors. When you move to other foreign market, you see the whole country politically, economically how much is strong in the economy and also include the social cultural factor, technological factor, legal factor and environmentally you check it. But in Pakistan the economically is average their, increase the oil prices but the tax rate is lower than other countries. When we launch our product into Pakistan firstly we introduce our services provide the quality according to the customer requirement and also provide the on time deliveries their staff is also cooperate and also create friendly environment with their passenger. They also invest in the good personal selection and training. And after this they are monitoring their customer satisfaction because customer is always the key for the organization. In Pakistan Air Asia offer differential price into the different season according to the peak season and the off season. To become the leader also in Pakistan there is no demand in the peak season can be cultivated And according to the price in the Pakistan the Air Asia introduces the different pricing strategies on the different routes: Firstly which type of Aircraft he used it. Second the cost of the operation. Competitors price And after this they are require to introducing the places and channels where the people bought the ticket is easily available. The channel is basically is the direct marketing, they should use the agent to sold their tickets, basically these agent have the approved travel agencies. Your agencies is sales only your airlines tickets. You give the commission to their travel agencies on the international route or the domestic route, the commission is: International sector = 8% Domestic sector = 4% All these offices are the computerized and directly linked to the head office which you place wherever in Karachi or Lahore etc. Air Asia also invests in the promotion of their airlines in Pakistan. They use the way of promotion like on TV commercial, you use the celebrity couples from the Pakistan when the season is off specially. You also give the add on news paper and used brochures. Air Asia also offers more flights in June and July because the Pakistani people go for the Umrah and Hajj. They also introduce the more package on the Umrah and Hajj, people move to your airline. Air Asia flexible fares- plan ahead and pay less, book international and the domestic flights early as possible because earlier you buy, cheaper you fly. And also give the discount on business class and economy plus, economy classes. And give the family offer in the business class if you buy three tickets get one free. The offer is available on the international routes. Air Asia also targets the people demographically according to their income segmentation and their occupation. The target the upper class and the upper middle class. They also have target in the future behavioral segmentation (occasion based) like; Hajjs occasion Eids occasion New Year occasion When Hajj operation is going people flying different from different cities of Pakistan to Saudi Arabia for the performance of Hajj. Eid occasion come people are come to Pakistan outside the country move to their home together their families. People prefer the New Year occasions with their family come to Pakistan and going to the outside Pakistan they give the low cost services other than their competitors. Air Asia basically compete easily in Pakistan because there is no major competitors in the market, they have the low cost award winner of the Asian airlines. Recommendation: Air Asia should also decentralized its structure in the Pakistan, increased motivation; give easy access of information and the resolution of the conflict. Air Asia gives the empowerment to their employees because they take an active part to make decision this make the employee productive with their job and feel more satisfaction to their function. And the employee would feel more independence they perform their duties more satisfaction and without hesitation. Reduce the overhead cost because labour is more effective. You give the less input it create the more output achieved and can saved the resources utilized in other areas and also introduce more training courses for the employee to increase the quality of the workforce could be increased. Hire the expertise to improve the efficiency of their services to save the overhead cost. Communicate with the employee more friendly and motivate them to encourage in the decision making. They advertise more and more on TV, Billboards because advertisement gives the more customers to you.

Personal Narrative Essay - Application for US Naturalization

Personal Narrative Essay - Application for US Naturalization Form N-400 is otherwise known as the application for US Naturalization. I have started and stopped filling out form N-400 half a dozen times in the past few years. Most recently, I used the excuse that I couldn’t read all of the dates in my passport. Thus I could not give the relevant dates for when I had left and reentered the country over the necessary time period. The other day I downloaded the form again but now I can’t find my passport. I have lived in the United States for 25 of my 36 years and I am still not naturalized. I have voted but not for a politician. In high school, I voted in school elections and was elected as Student Council President for my senior year. My main duty was to read daily announcements (soccer scores, late buses, children with lice who needed to report to the nurse immediately) and recite, over the loud speaker, the Pledge of Allegiance. As a foreigner, I understood the irony of reciting this oath to a bunch of Americans, but I had to do it. I was elected into office, and this was my duty. And getting on the loudspeaker every day was the reason why I wanted to do it in the first place. I was the president. I would lead the student body in their daily fix of nationalistic pride. I could just as easily have recited the Lord’s Prayer, which I also knew by heart, though my church attendance was sporadic. Or I could have led them through â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle Into that Good Night,† but it never seemed to fit the day’s events. So every day, I pledged allegiance to the flag. Their flag. Amen. When I call myself a foreigner, I do so with tongue firmly planted in cheek. I am Canadian. Laugh as you will and say that that is the sa... ...ance, people spend weeks living in cargo bins on large ships. Just for the chance, young men and women from foreign countries put on the uniform of the United States armed forces and fight a war. Each day Form N-400 sits unfinished, I think of all of these people, living and dying to become Americans. And I know that, even though my passport says I am Canadian, in my heart I am American and all the beauty and the ugliness that name engenders. Soon I will fill out my Form N-400 and I will submit it to the Department of Naturalization. If I am lucky enough to have my application accepted, I will stand up on the day of my indoctrination and I will lead my fellow new Americans in their prayer for redemption. I will lead them in the Pledge of Allegiance and for those few moments forward we will be one nation, under God, indivisible with liberty and justice for all.

Miller’s success Essay

Written by Arthur Miller in the early 1950’s, â€Å"The Crucible† notes the story of the quiet town of Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. As the play progresses, a major witch hunt takes place after a group of young girls claim to have danced with the Devil. Although the play is fictional, Miller based it on real people and events documented in records made after the actual witch hunts took place, at around the time the play was set it. I have chosen to analyse the conversation in Act 1, between Abigail and John where she attempts to entice him back to her, however John is adamant he will not be drawn in by her charms and appears to not be tempted. I shall also analyse the section of Act 4 where John Proctor ‘confesses’ to partaking in witchcraft, but then changes his mind after realising he values his morals more than his life. The first episode begins with Betty in bead and, after supposedly dancing with the Devil; she is in an apparent trance-like sleep. At the same time, John and Abigail are talking about their affair, something that took place before the play began. In this extract, Miller uses a variety of techniques to create tension on stage and in the audience. One such technique is the way in which variations are created in language; this creates a mix of emotions from the audience. Take, for example, Abigail’s line of â€Å"Give me a word John, a soft word† where she appears to be attempting to seduce John. In this part of the play we see how Abigail can manipulate how she speaks to, in a way, toy with John’s emotions, however it is likely that at this point in the play the audience will be aware of how young Abigail actually is, and will therefore realise she is embarrassing herself. Although this isn’t creating high levels of immense tension, the embarrassment the audience is provoked to feel due to Abigail’s actions is likely to leave them feeling highly uncomfortable in the situation causing a tense atmosphere to be created. In contrast to Abigail’s approach, John talks more as a father, giving a very patronising response, which begins with him calling her â€Å"child†, thus furthering the embarrassment felt. Another technique used in this section of the play is the contrast between how Abigail appears towards John and how she appears towards her Uncle Parris slightly earlier on in the play. To Parris, Abigail seems to be the angelic niece who made the simple mistake of dancing in the woods. However, when she talks to John she says things such as â€Å"I am waiting for you every night† and â€Å"I know you, John. I know you.†. Both of these examples show how Abigail can change from being an innocent little girl to an apparently seductive young woman. After watching this episode, the audience are undoubtedly aware of how Abigail attempts to manipulate people, and shows how the character is likely to progress, using her ‘skills’ in manipulation to full advantage. The feeling that something is waiting to happen may cause unrest in the audience, which would build up tension levels slightly. The pace of speaking varies a lot in this small section. We see Abigail’s ‘seductive’ speech, alongside John showing remorse for the situation that has arisen saying â€Å"I never give you hope to wait for me†. This is calm, and clear – John is not interested. He sees being open and honest, stating how he feels in the plainest English imaginable as the best way to prevent this conversation ever developing again. This would keep tension levels low, creating a feeling in the audience that they want Abigail to understand, and see nothing can happen. However, when this is obviously not the case, John begins to lose his composed presence and when Abigail begins crying, the volume of the conversation increases. This, in itself, will cause an increase in tension. Following this emotional outburst, Abigail pleads with John, running to him and crying â€Å"pity me, pity me!†. Such a change in a once strong and grown up character, along with the urgency with which the lines are delivered will create huge tension and, probably more embarrassment felt for Abigail. This is a particularly emotional part of the play, which relies far more upon vocal talents than any physical contact to create the tension we feel when watching it. There is, however, one point in this episode where John grabs Abigail and whilst shaking her shouts â€Å"Do you look for a whippin’?†. By this point in the conversation the audience are likely to be in the belief that John Proctor has effectively ‘lost it’ and needs to find a way to make Abigail understand, whatever that way may be. Following John grabbing Abigail, the audience see violence as one way of this conversation finishing which will obviously raise the tension levels considerably.

Social Sciense

Social Sciense 3‚ º AÂÆ'‘OECONOMÂÆ' A Y CONTABILIDAD2014GUÂÆ' ATEÂÆ'“RICO-PRÂÆ' CTICAAUTOR:Prof. Claudio H. OlivetoEconomÂÆ' ­a y ContabilidadÂÆ' MBITO ECONÂÆ'“MICOEL HOMBREen su relaciÂÆ' ³n con elECONOMÂÆ' A POLÂÆ' TICA CULTURA TECNOLOGÂÆ' AVive en utiliza necesitaContextoSOCIEDADENCUESTAS ENTREVISTAS ESTADÂÆ' STICAS POLÂÆ' TICAS ECONÂÆ'“MICASLA ORGANIZACIÂÆ'“NPor lo cual se creanrequiereNutreSOCIEDADES COMERCIALESSISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÂÆ'“NAMBIENTE EXTERNOprovieneAMBIENTE INTERNOQue utilizanREGISTRACIÂÆ'“N CONTABLEDOCUMENTOS COMERCIALESque respaldan laUNIDAD 1 : El Universo EconÂÆ' ³micoLa EconomÂÆ' ­a cuenta con recursos naturales (bosques, minerales), bienes (libros, mÂÆ' ¡quinas) y capacidad del hombre (inteligencia, creatividad) para satisfacer las necesidades de los hombres.En el circuito econÂÆ' ³mico encontramos dos unidades econÂÆ' ³micas fundamentales: Unidad de Consumo (familias) y Unidad d e ProducciÂÆ' ³n (empresas). La primera ofrece a la segunda los Factores Productivos (naturaleza, trabajo, capital y direcciÂÆ' ³n) a cambio la unidad de producciÂÆ' ³n le retribuye con Ingresos (renta, salario, interÂÆ' ©s y beneficio). Con los factores productivos la unidad de ProducciÂÆ' ³n produce Bienes y Servicios que se los entregan a la unidad de Consumo a cambio de un Precio.Precios de Referencia PROCREAR. La Rioja y Catamar...Factores Productivos : Todo proceso productivo implica la concurrencia de los factores que hacen posible esa producciÂÆ' ³n de bienes y servicios.Trabajo: mano de obra.Capital: equipo fÂÆ' ­sico, que constituye los recursos productivos (materia prima, maquinaria, etc.).Naturaleza: recursos naturales.DirecciÂÆ' ³n: conducciÂÆ' ³n, administraciÂÆ' ³n.Moneda - MercadoLas primeras transacciones comerciales se desarrollaron a travÂÆ' ©s del trueque. Luego surgiÂÆ' ³ la necesidad de utilizar una unidad de cambio de acepta ciÂÆ' ³n generalizada que se denominÂÆ' ³ moneda.La moneda cumple estas funciones elementales: Medida de todos los valores, medio de divisibilidad y medio de atesoramiento.La moneda puede ser metÂÆ' ¡lica y billetes (el circulante de un paÂÆ' ­s).El concepto de dinero es mÂÆ' ¡s amplio que el de moneda. El dinero es el intermediario de todos los cambios. Tiene tres funciones: Medio de compra...

AP English Literature - Learn What Score You Need

AP English Literature - Learn What Score You Need AP English Literature and Composition is one of the more popular Advanced Placement subjects. Nevertheless,  roughly 175,000 more students took the AP English Language course and exam in 2018. The literature course is primarily focused on college-level literary analysis, and students who do well on the AP English Literature exam will often earn college credit for composition or literature. About the AP English Literature Course and Exam The AP English Literature course covers important literary works from a range of genres, periods and cultures. Students learn close-reading and analytical skills, and they learn to identify a literary works structure, style, tone, and use of literary conventions such as imagery and figurative language.   Students in AP Literature work at becoming active readers; in other words, they learn to become thoughtful and critical readers who can analyze and appreciate the various writing strategies employed by a wide range of authors.   The course has no required reading list, and individual AP instructors are free to choose any literary works that invite a rewarding reading experience. Genres will include poetry, drama, fiction, and expository prose. Most texts will have been originally written in English and may have originated in the United States, Canada, England, Africa, India, and elsewhere. A few works- such as a Russian classic or Greek tragedy- might be read in translation. The focus of the course, however, is much more on reading and writing skills, not specific authors. On the writing front, students learn to write effective analytical essays that employ a wide-ranging and appropriate vocabulary, effective and varied sentence structures, logical organization, strategic use of both generalization and specific detail, and careful attention to rhetorical forms, voice, and tone. AP English Literature Score Information Many colleges and universities have a composition and/or literature requirement, so a high score on the AP English Literature exam will often fulfill one of these requirements. The AP English Literature and Composition test has a one-hour multiple-choice section and a two-hour free-response writing section. The score on the is based on a combination of the multiple choice section (45 percent  of score) and the free-response essay section (55 percent of score).   In 2018, 404,014 students took the exam and earned a mean score of 2.57. Close to half of those students (47.3 percent) received a score of 3 or higher indicating that they have enough mastery of the subject matter to potentially earn college credit or course placement. The distribution of scores for the AP English Literature exam is as follows: AP English Literature Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 22,826 5.6 4 58,765 14.5 3 109,700 27.2 2 145,307 36.0 1 67,416 16.7 The College Board has released preliminary score percentages for the 2019 exam. Keep in mind that these numbers may change slightly as late exams are added to the calculations. Preliminary 2019 AP English Literature Score Data Score Percentage of Students 5 6.2 4 15.9 3 28 2 34.3 1 15.6 College Credit and Course Placement for AP English Literature The table below provides some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general overview of the scoring and placement information related to the AP English Literature exam. For schools not listed below, youll need to look on the colleges website or contact the appropriate Registrars office to get AP placement information. AP English Literature Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Hamilton College 4 or 5 Placement into some 200-level courses; 2 credits for score of 5 and B- or higher in a 200-level course Grinnell College 5 ENG 120 LSU 3, 4 or 5 ENGL 1001 (3 credits) for a 3; ENGL 1001 and 2025 or 2027 or 2029 or 2123 (6 credits) for a 4; ENGL 1001, 2025 or 2027 or 2029 or 2123, and 2000 (9 credits) for a 5 Mississippi State University 3, 4 or 5 EN 1103 (3 credits) for a 3; EN 1103 and 1113 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Notre Dame 4 or 5 First Year Composition 13100 (3 credits) Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit; no placement Stanford University - No credit for AP English Literature Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 ENG 111 Introduction to the Short Story (3 credits) UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits and entry writing requirement for a 3; 8 credits, entry writing requirement and English Comp Writing I requirement for a 4 or 5 Yale University 5 2 credits; ENGL 114a or b, 115a or b, 116b, 117b A Final Word on AP English Literature Keep in mind that another benefit to the successful completion of an AP Literature course is that it helps demonstrate your college readiness in a core subject area. Most of the countrys highly selective colleges and universities have  holistic admissions, and the admissions officers look not just at your GPA, but  how challenging your course work is. Colleges would much rather see you successfully complete a challenging college preparatory class in English than an easy English elective. AP Literature shows that you are taking the most advanced course possible in literature. So even at a school like Stanford that does not award any credit or placement for AP English Literature, your decision to take the class still strengthens your application. To learn more specific information about the AP English Literature exam, be sure to visit the  official College Board website.

To what extent does the United Kingdom have a 2 party system Essay

To what extent does the United Kingdom have a 2 party system - Essay Example The description of British Government so far given has required frequent mention of political parties. The nearest approach to official recognition is in the rules for the formation of Committees of the House of Commons. Yet without them the whole nature of the Constitution would be changed and many of its conventions would become unworkable. The relations of Parliament to the Government on the one hand, and to the people on the other, are governed by the party system (Field, 1963). The essence of this system is that people who find themselves in agreement on major matters of policy should unite in organized bodies to secure the return to Parliament, and to other elected assemblies, of Members who will work for an agreed policy. Thus the party system plays a very important role in the political system of United Kingdom. A political party is more or well organized group of citizens who act together as a political unit. They share or profess to share the same opinions on public queuing and by exercising their voting power towards a common end, seek to obtain control of the Government. In a democratic form of government there might be several parties. And they work through their own ideologies. But in the case study of United Kingdom we find two major parties working and dominating the state politics. This influence or domination is called in terms of Political Science a "two party system". There may existence more parties known as minor parties who are always under the control of the major parties and this absolute domination paves the way of Dictatorship in the politics of UK. Although democracy prevails in UK but practice is not absolute because of "two party system" that is a time demand for amendment. And this is a severe fault of democracy, however this defect of democracy as well as British gov t. is aimed to evaluate in the thesis. 2. BI-PARTY SYSTEM BI-party system does not mean that a particular country has only two parties and there is no third party in it. It means there are only two major parties and the rest of the parties are less important. For example, there are more than two parties in England, viz.. Conservative Party, Labour Party, Liberal Party, Fascist and Communist Party. But in politics, only two parties are important, i.e., the Conservative and the Labour Party. Sometimes the Conservative Party and at other times the Labour Party forms the Government. No seat has been obtained by the communist and the Fascist Party. In the House of Commons, the Liberal Party has only a few seats. Similarly in the U. S. A. though there are, many parties like the Communist Party, the Republican Party and the Democratic Party, yet only Republican and Democratic Par-ties are important and they form the Government. The Communist Party has no importance in the politics, thus, there is a bi-party system in the Great Britain and the U.S.A. Where there is a multi-party system, there are more than two important parties in politics. This system prevails in France, West Germany, Italy and certain other countries of Europe. 3. POLITICAL PARTIES AND 2 PARTY SYSTEM IN UNITED KINGDOM (UK) The British parties have been inextricable entwined, cross-fertilizing each other with philosophy, policy, strategy and

Labor unions. Workers, Industrialization and Happiness Essay

Labor unions. Workers, Industrialization and Happiness - Essay Example Reaction from family The movie brings out the aspect of the different family members' reaction to one’s involvement in union activities. After hearing Reuben’s speech Norma starts participating in union formation activities. This invokes negative reactions in her husband who feels Norma is not spending enough time with her family (Canby). In a way, this shows that he has some resistance to the idea of her involvement in the movement. However, his opinion changes with time with Sonny, Norma’s husband, telling her that he loves her and supports all decisions. Her father is also opposed to the idea of the movement seeking to form a union among the workers of the mill. This is because of he is a stockholder which makes him wary of the union. Her mother who works in the mill is also apathetic which is not expected of her (Canby). This shows the lack of support from family members and relatives when advocating for the formation of unions and improvement of working cond itions, which discourages the formation of the movements. Winning the battle The aspect of finally winning the struggle in the form of union formation and better working conditions is also brought out. The struggle for labor rights is usually an uphill task that is not for the faint hearted (Canby). A large number of challenges pose the threat of derailing the process. However, with deep emotional strengths that inspire courage and a complex network of feelings for the workers being ill-treated the activists almost always succeed in their endeavors to see improved rights in the labor sector of industries maintained by unions. This is the case in the movie where Norma ends up with a post in the cotton mill union. II. Workers, Industrialization and Happiness Researchers have made a... Labor unions. Workers, Industrialization and Happiness The American labor sector of today contrasts greatly with the labor sector of the early industrial days. The movements drew clear lines between the management of the industries and the labor aspects that based on the issues between the two. This was aimed to advocate for the improvement of their working conditions. It is sentiments like these that the screenwriters and the director of the movie â€Å"Norma Rae† shared and sought to evoke among the audience. The movie highlights the processes and trials experienced in the starting of a workers union (Canby). It shows that although the start of worker unions is marred by challenges, their successful formations eventually result in improved labor conditions. Challenges to labor union formations Victimization The employers victimize the founding figures of trade unions when they start advocating for the rights of the workers. The movie gives a clear illustration of this aspect that is replicated in nearly all scenarios involving t he establishment of labor unions. After hearing a speech from Rueben Warshowsky, Norma decides to unionize her workmates. This does not augur well with the managers of the cotton mill, who confront her (Canby). Researchers have made a distinction on the definition of happiness as a short-term state of lighting up of the mind depending on the temperament of a person and the external factors associated with the person.

Environmental management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental management - Essay Example When compared to the other aspects, ozone depletion has more impact on the environment, since the level of poisonous gases getting into the atmosphere has increased.(Jones, 1989). Most of the factories and manufacturing industries are the major reason for this ozone depletion. As these gases do not mix with the air easily, they stay in the atmosphere and this in turn creates health hazards. Ozone layer is one of the important components that protect the earth. It filters ultra violet rays emitted by the sun and protects the earth from this radiation. Ozone layer is not a plain surface, instead it is depleted and this increases the chance of damage in the layer. The gases and radiation from sun spoils its layer thereby increasing the level of diseases. Chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons and methyl chloroform increase the chances of the ozone layer getting depleted. If there is an increase in the level of emission of these chemicals, the ozone layer will get severely depleted, leading to sever environmental

Consider the business model Essay Example for Free

Consider the business model Essay The easiest way to start a design is to consider the business model that you sat down with when starting these designs. You now need to recreate that structure in Active Directory using Organizational Units as the building blocks. Create a complete Organizational Unit structure that exactly mirrors your business model as represented by that domain. In other words, if the domain you are designing is the Finance domain, implement the finance organizational structure within the Finance domain. You dont create the entire organizations business model within each Organizational Unit; you create only the part of the model that would actually apply to that Organizational Unit. Draw this structure out on a piece of paper. Figure 8-3 shows the Organizational Unit structure of mycorp.coms domain. Weve expanded only the Finance Organizational Unit here for the example. Figure 8-3. The Mycorp domains internal Organizational Unit structure Once you have drawn an Organizational Unit structure as a template for your Active Directory hierarchy within the domain, you can begin to tailor it to your specific requirements. The easiest way to tailor the initial Organizational Unit design is to consider the hierarchy that you wish to create for your delegation of administration. Two Tier Hierarchies A two tier hierarchy is a design that meets most company’s needs. In some ways it is a compromise between the one and Three Tier hierarchies. In this design there is a Root CA that is offline, and a subordinate issuing CA that is online. The level of security is increased because the Root CA and Issuing CA roles are separated. But more importantly the Root CA is offline, and so the private key of the Root CA is better protected from compromise. It also increases scalability and flexibility. This is due to the fact that there can be multiple Issuing CA’s that are subordinate to the Root CA. This allows you to have CA’s in different geographical location, as well as with different security levels. Manageability is slightly increased since the  Root CA has to be brought online to sign CRL’s. Cost is increased marginally. Marginally speaking, because all you need is a hard drive and Windows OS license to implement an Offline Root. Install the hard drive, install your OS, build your PKI hierarchy, and then remove the hard drive and store it in a safe. The hard drive can be attached to existing hardware when CRLs need to be re-signed. A virtual machine could be used as the Root CA, although you would still want to store it on a separate hard drive that can be stored in a safe. Three Tier Hierarchies Specifically the difference between a Two Tier Hierarchy is that second tier is placed between the Root CA and the issuing CA. The placement of this CA can be for a couple different reasons. The first reason would be to use the second tier CA as a Policy CA. In other words the Policy CA is configured to issue certificates to the Issuing CA that is restricted in what type of certificates it issues. The Policy CA can also just be used as an administrative boundary. In other words, you only issue certain certificates from subordinates of the Policy CA, and perform a certain level of verification before issuing certificates, but the policy is only enforced from an administrative not technical perspective. The other reason to have the second tier added is so that if you need to revoke a number of CAs due to a key compromise, you can perform it at the Second Tier level, leaving other â€Å"branches from the root† available. It should be noted that Second Tier CAs in this hierarchy can, like the Root, be kept offline. Following the paradigm, security increases with the addition of a Tier, and flexibility and scalability increase due to the increased design options. On the other hand, manageability increases as there are a larger number of CAs in the hierarchy to manage. And, of course, cost goes up.

Was Northern Victory in the Civil War Inevitable? Essay -- essays rese

Was Northern Victory in the Civil War Inevitable? Several factors played in to the American Civil War that made it have the outcome that it did. Although the South had better trained officials due to their military school, the North was far more advanced than they. The North had the advantage over the South in several ways. However, the outcome of the Civil War was not inevitable: it was determined as much by human decisions and human willpower as by physical resources, although the North’s resources gave them an edge over the South.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The South seceded in part out of growing awareness of its minority in the nation. The Union held twenty-three states, including four border slave states, while the Confederacy had eleven. Ignoring conflicts of allegiance within various states, which might roughly cancel each other out, the population count was about twenty-two million in the Union to about nine million in the Confederacy, and about four million of the latter were slaves. The Union therefore had an edge of about four to one in potential human resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An even greater advantage of the North was its industrial development. The states that joined the Confederacy produced just seven percent of the nation’s manufactures on the eve of the war. What made the disparity even greater was that little of this was in heavy industry. The only iron foundry of any size in the Confederacy was the Tredegar Iron Works in Richmond, which had long supplied the United States Army. Tr...